:root {
    --padding: 100px;

    /* ---- Palette ---- */
    /* Deep, warm charcoal ground rather than flat black, echoing an aged oil-primed canvas */
    --bg: #fff;
    --secondaryBg: #100f0c;
    --bg-soft: #17150f;
    /* Pine/sage band colour, pulled from the client's mock for the name plate */
    --bg-band: #1c2620;
    --ink: #100f0c; /* #f4efe4; */
    --ink-soft: rgba(244, 239, 228, 0.7);
    --ink-faint: #17150f;
    --accent-gold: #cf9a55;
    --accent-clay: #a9714f;
    --accent-sage: #7f9a7c;
    --line: rgba(244, 239, 228, 0.16);
    --line-soft: rgba(73, 73, 71, 0.08);
    --about-bg: #f0f0f0;

    /* ---- Type ---- */
    --font-display: "Bodoni Moda", "Times New Roman", serif;
    --font-body: "Manrope", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
    --font-zh-display: "Noto Serif TC", serif;
    --font-zh-body: "Noto Sans TC", sans-serif;
}

* {
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-weight: 300;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    html {
        scroll-behavior: auto;
    }

    * {
        animation-duration: 0.001ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.001ms !important;
        scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    }
}

.navbar-toggler:focus {
    box-shadow: none;
    outline: none;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent-gold);
    outline-offset: 3px;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-weight: 400;
    color: var(--ink);
    margin: 0;
}

h1 {
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 4rem);
}

h2 {
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3rem);
}

h3 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
}

h4 {
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2rem);
}

h5 {
    font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
}

h6 {
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 1.25rem);
}

em,
i.zh {
    font-style: italic;
}

.zh {
    font-family: var(--font-zh-body);
    font-style: normal;
}

.section-padding {
    padding-top: var(--padding);
    padding-bottom: var(--padding);
}

.eyebrow {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.22em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    /* color: var(--bg); */
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    display: block;
}
.hero-intro{
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    /* color: var(--bg); */
}

/* ---- Icons ----
   Drawn as a masked inline SVG (not a Font Awesome glyph) because
   "fa-arrow-up-right" is a Pro-only icon and silently renders blank
   on the Free CDN build — this is why the arrow was invisible next
   to "Contact" in the header. Sized in em so it inherits whatever
   font-size the surrounding button/link sets. */
.icon-arrow {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 1em;
    height: 1em;
    background-color: currentColor;
    -webkit-mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cpath d='M4 12h16M14 6l6 6-6 6' fill='none' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cpath d='M4 12h16M14 6l6 6-6 6' fill='none' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    -webkit-mask-repeat: no-repeat;
    mask-repeat: no-repeat;
    -webkit-mask-position: center;
    mask-position: center;
    -webkit-mask-size: contain;
    mask-size: contain;
    vertical-align: -0.08em;
}

/* ---- Header / nav ---- */
.site-header {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    z-index: 40;
    /* background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(5, 6, 5, 0.55) 0%, rgba(5, 6, 5, 0.28) 70%, transparent 100%); */
}

.site-header .navbar {
    padding-top: 1.9rem;
    padding-bottom: 1.9rem;
}

.site-header .navbar .container {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 3.125rem;
}

.navbar-brand {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    color: var(--ink) ;
}

/* ---- Desktop three-zone nav ---- */
.nav-left {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2.2rem;
}

.nav-left a {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 0.3rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-left a::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--accent-gold);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-left a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.nav-left a:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-center {
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    z-index: 2;
}

.nav-left,
.nav-right {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
}

/* .nav-center .mark-zh {
    font-family: var(--font-zh-display);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
} */

.nav-center .monogram {
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid var(--secondaryBg);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.80rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    transition: border-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-center:hover .monogram {
    background-color: var(--accent-gold);
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
    transform: rotate(8deg);
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
}


.nav-right {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.7rem;
}

.btn-pill {
    border-radius: 999px;
    padding: 0.65rem 1.4rem;
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    border: 1px solid;
    border-color:  var(--secondaryBg);
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
}

.btn-pill:hover {
    background: var(--accent-gold);
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
}


.icon-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    font-size: .72rem;
    letter-spacing: .12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color .35s ease;
}

.icon-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.icon-link-white{
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
}

.icon-link-white:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.icon-link-circle {
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    flex: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid var(--secondaryBg);  /* visible border by default */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: .8rem;
    color: inherit;
    background: transparent;
    transition: background .35s ease, border-color .35s ease, transform .35s ease, color .35s ease;
}

.icon-link-circle i {
    transition: transform .35s ease;
}

.icon-link:hover .icon-link-circle {
    background: var(--accent-gold);
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
    color: #050605;              /* dark arrow so it's visible against gold */
    transform: translateY(-2px) rotate(45deg);
}

.icon-link:hover .icon-link-circle i {
    transform: translate(1px, -1px);
}


/* ---- Mobile nav (collapse) ---- */
.navbar-nav .nav-link {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    color: var(--ink-soft) !important;
    padding: 0.4rem 0;
    position: relative;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--ink) !important;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--accent-gold);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-contact {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.nav-contact::after {
    display: none;
}

.nav-contact:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold) !important;
}

.nav-contact i {
    font-size: 0.68rem;
}

.navbar-toggler {
    border: none;
    color: var(--bg);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* ---- Footer ---- */
.site-footer {
    background: var(--bg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
    padding: calc(var(--padding) * 0.9) 0 calc(var(--padding) * 0.4);
}

.footer-top {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-end;
    gap: 2rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding-bottom: calc(var(--padding) * 0.6);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}

.footer-nav {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.9rem;
}

.footer-nav a {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    transition: color 0.3s ease, padding-left 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-nav a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    padding-left: 0.35rem;
}

.footer-wordmark {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    line-height: 0.92;
    font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 7vw, 5.2rem);
    text-align: right;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
}

.footer-wordmark span {
    display: block;
}

.footer-wordmark span:last-child {
    font-style: italic;
}

.footer-bottom {
    padding-top: calc(var(--padding) * 0.4);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
}

.footer-bottom a {
    color: var(--secondaryBg);
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-bottom a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.footer-tagline {
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ---- Shared CV ---- */
.cv-section {
    padding: clamp(4rem, 8vw, 6rem) 0;
    background: var(--bg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}

.cv-head {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 2rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-bottom: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
}

.cv-name { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.4vw, 2.4rem); margin: 0; }

.cv-download {
    font-size: .72rem;
    letter-spacing: .1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
    padding-bottom: .2rem;
    transition: color .3s ease, border-color .3s ease;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.cv-download:hover { border-color: var(--accent-gold); color: var(--accent-gold); }
.cv-category { margin-bottom: clamp(2.6rem, 5vw, 4rem); }
.cv-category:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.cv-category-title {
    font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 2.4vw, 1.7rem);
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.cv-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }

.cv-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 4.5rem 1.5fr 1fr 1fr;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 1rem 1.5rem;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
    font-size: .84rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.cv-year,
.cv-title,
.cv-venue { color: var(--ink); }
.cv-year { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.cv-city { color: var(--ink); text-align: right; }

@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .cv-row {
        grid-template-columns: 3rem 1fr;
        row-gap: .3rem;
    }

    .cv-venue,
    .cv-city {
        grid-column: 2;
        text-align: left;
        font-size: .78rem;
    }
}

/* ---- Scroll reveal ---- */
.reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(28px);
    transition: opacity 0.9s ease, transform 0.9s ease;
}

.reveal.is-visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}